THE IMPORTANCE OF SYNANTHROPIC INSECTS AS INDICATORS OF SANITARY CONDITIONS IN THE KHOREZM OASIS

Abstract

Synanthropic insects are insect species that live in close association with humans and human-modified environments. They are commonly found in residential buildings, food storage facilities, livestock shelters, markets, gardens, waste accumulation areas, and other anthropogenic habitats. This thesis examines the importance of synanthropic insects as indicators of sanitary conditions in the Khorezm Oasis. Although not all synanthropic insects are parasitic or direct vectors of diseases, their presence, abundance, habitat preference, and seasonal activity may reflect the level of hygiene, food storage quality, waste management, humidity, organic pollution, and general ecological stability of human settlements. The study focuses mainly on non-parasitic synanthropic insects that are associated with human environments but do not directly parasitize humans or animals.

The results of the analysis suggest that different ecological groups of synanthropic insects indicate different sanitary problems. Stored-product insects may indicate poor storage conditions, excessive humidity, and long-term accumulation of grain or food products. Saprophagous insects are usually associated with organic waste, decomposing plant residues, and unsanitary surroundings. Household insects may indicate food remains, cracks in buildings, poor ventilation, and insufficient cleaning. Therefore, regular monitoring of synanthropic insects can be used as an effective method for evaluating sanitary conditions in urban and rural areas of the Khorezm Oasis. The study has both theoretical and practical significance. From a theoretical perspective, it contributes to the understanding of insect ecology in anthropogenic landscapes. From a practical perspective, it may help improve sanitary control, prevent food contamination, protect stored agricultural products, and develop environmentally safe pest management strategies.