SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE ECONOMIC AND GREEN ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF MINING INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

Abstract

In the modern era, the green economy has become a crucial element of sustainable development, especially in sectors like the mining industry, where environmental concerns are increasingly urgent. This paper explores the scientific and theoretical foundations of both economic and green economic efficiency in mining enterprises. It highlights how the green economy not only contributes to environmental protection but also improves quality of life, reduces costs, and creates new job opportunities. The historical roots of ecological consciousness in various civilizations — such as Roman, Greek, Islamic, Japanese, and Scandinavian cultures — are examined to illustrate the long-standing human values related to cleanliness and environmental responsibility. Additionally, modern interpretations and frameworks for green economy implementation are discussed, including the work of leading scholars on the topic. This underscores the importance of developing strategic, policy-driven, and innovation-based approaches for fostering a sustainable and environmentally friendly industrial future.