POPULATION FEATURES OF HLA-DRB POLYMORPHISM IN THE UZBEK POPULATION OF SAMARKAND REGION

Abstract

The Samarkand region represents one of the most historically and ethnically diverse areas of Central Asia. This study investigates the polymorphism and population distribution of HLA-DRB alleles among the Uzbek population of the region. Using molecular genetic typing methods, we analyzed allele frequencies, heterozygosity levels, Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and regional variability. The results demonstrate a high level of genetic diversity, reflecting historical admixture between Europoid and Mongoloid populations. The most frequent alleles were HLA-DRB101:01 (0.112), HLA-DRB103:01 (0.104), and HLA-DRB1*04:01 (0.097). High heterozygosity (93.2%) indicates strong adaptive immune potential. These findings are important for transplantation medicine, population genetics, and personalized healthcare.