CONSTRUCTION OF NEW RAILWAY LINES IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN IN THE EARLY PERIOD OF INDEPENDENCE

Abstract

In this article, based on historical and economic analysis, the processes of formation of the national railway infrastructure and construction of new railway lines in the early period of independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan (1991-2000) are highlighted. It is substantiated that the dependence of the republic's railway networks on external logistics centers, transit dependence, and territorial disruptions during the Soviet era necessitated ensuring national transport security under the conditions of independence.

In particular, the study analyzes the economic, social, and geopolitical significance of such strategically important projects as the Navoi-Uchkuduk-Nukus route, the Tashguzar-Boysun-Kumkurgan line. The role of the Uzbekistan Railways Company, established in 1994, in the implementation of the national transport policy, the unification of the railway network into a single management system, and the strengthening of internal territorial integration are revealed on a scientific basis.

The article shows that as a result of the construction of new railway lines, transport independence between the southern and northern regions of the republic has been strengthened, transit potential has increased, and the infrastructure of the domestic market has developed. The impact of these processes on regional economic development, the formation of industrial zones, and the expansion of social infrastructure is also analyzed.

The research is conducted on the basis of historical, systematic, and comparative analysis methods, and the role of the reforms carried out in the transport sector in the first years of independence in strengthening state sovereignty is substantiated by scientific conclusions.