MODERN NEPHROPROTECTIVE APPROACHES IN THE PREVENTION OF RENAL COMPLICATIONS IN DIABETES MELLITUS
Keywords:
diabetic nephropathy, kidney protection, nephroprotective therapy, SGLT2 inhibitors, finerenone, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, renin-angiotensin system blockers, glycemic control, albuminuria prevention.Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. One of the most significant long-term complications of diabetes is diabetic nephropathy, a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. As diabetes prevalence continues to rise globally, the burden of diabetic nephropathy and its associated morbidity and mortality are also increasing. This underlines the urgent need for effective strategies for early prevention and protection against the deterioration of renal function in patients with diabetes. Over the last decade, advances in pharmacological therapy and improved clinical protocols have redefined the management of diabetic renal complications, with a particular focus on nephroprotective approaches.
