ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS RELATED TO MICROORGANISMS IN THE ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

This article examines the ecological problems related to microorganisms in the environment. Microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and other microscopic organisms, play a vital role in ecosystems by decomposing organic matter, cycling nitrogen, and maintaining soil fertility. However, human activities such as industrial waste, agricultural practices, and water pollution disrupt the natural balance of microorganisms. Consequently, soil fertility decreases, oxygen deficiency occurs in water bodies, and harmful bacteria proliferate. The article provides recommendations to address these issues, including organic farming, waste treatment, and microbiological monitoring.