THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC CONCOMITANT ANEMIA ON HEART FAILURE AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Keywords:
heart failure, diabetes mellitus, iron deficiencyAbstract
The clinical significance of iron deficiency in patients with combined heart failure and diabetes mellitus remains poorly understood. In this study, 67 patients with chronic heart failure and diabetes mellitus were examined. Clinical symptoms of heart failure, asthenia, anxiety, and depression were assessed, as well as laboratory parameters including blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, soluble transferrin receptors, and hepcidin levels. Additionally, the levels of erythropoietin and NT-proBNP were measured. Echocardiographic examination was performed using one-dimensional, two-dimensional and Doppler methods (including pulse wave, continuous wave and tissue Doppler imaging) under standard conditions in accordance with established protocols. Iron deficiency was detected in 42 patients. The data obtained indicate that iron deficiency in patients with both heart failure and diabetes mellitus is associated with disruptions in iron metabolism, an increase in the severity of heart failure symptoms, greater asthenia and anxiety, and deterioration in central hemodynamic function.
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