BOLALARDA ALLERGIK BIRONXIAL ASTMA RIVOJIDA RESPIRATO’R MIKROBIOTA DISBALANSI.
Keywords:
bolalar, allergik bronxial astma, respirator mikrobiota, mikrobiota disbalansi, immun tizimi, Th2 immun javob, IgE, bronxial giperreaktivlik, nafas yo‘llari yallig‘lanishi, probiotiklar.Abstract
So‘nggi yillarda bolalarda allergik bronxial astma rivojlanishida respirator mikrobiota disbalansining ahamiyati tobora ortib borayotgani aniqlanmoqda. Respirator mikrobiota — bu nafas yo‘llarida yashovchi mikroorganizmlar majmuasi bo‘lib, u immun tizimining shakllanishi va yallig‘lanish jarayonlarini boshqarishda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Normal mikrobiota immun tolerantlikni ta’minlaydi, disbalans holatida esa allergik yallig‘lanish kuchayadi.
Bolalik davrida antibiotiklarni nazoratsiz qo‘llash, kesarcha kesish yo‘li bilan tug‘ilish, sun’iy oziqlantirish, ekologik omillar va tez-tez respirator infeksiyalar mikrobiota tarkibining buzilishiga olib keladi. Natijada foydali bakteriyalar (masalan, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) kamayib, patogen yoki shartli-patogen mikroorganizmlar (Haemophilus, Moraxella, Streptococcus) ko‘payadi.
Respirator mikrobiota disbalansi Th2-tipdagi immun javobni faollashtirib, IgE ishlab chiqarilishini oshiradi va bronxial giperreaktivlikka sabab bo‘ladi. Bu esa allergik bronxial astmaning paydo bo‘lishi va og‘ir kechishiga zamin yaratadi. Shunday qilib, respirator mikrobiota tarkibini barqarorlashtirish allergik astmaning oldini olish va davolashda istiqbolli yo‘nalishlardan biri hisoblanadi.
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